Explore the physiology of ocular movements mcq bank and binocular vision extraocular muscles, ductions, versions, vergence, fusion, stereopsis, diplopia, suppression, and more. A concise guide to eye‑movement control and binocular single vision. Visit our index page to find topic wise ophthalmology mcq
Extraocular Movements & Muscles
1. How many extraocular muscles control eyeball movement?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 10
View Answer
B. 6 ✅ Exp: Four recti + two obliques.
2. The primary action of the superior oblique muscle is:
A. Abduction
B. Intorsion
C. Depression in adduction
D. Elevation
View Answer
C. Depression in adduction ✅ Exp: SO intorts and depresses in adduction.
3. The primary action of the inferior oblique muscle is:
A. Intorsion
B. Extorsion
C. Depression
D. Adduction
View Answer
B. Extorsion ✅ Exp: IO extorts and elevates in adduction.
4. Superior rectus acts maximally in:
A. Adduction
B. Abduction
C. Neutral gaze
D. Depression
View Answer
B. Abduction ✅ Exp: SR elevates best in abduction.
5. Inferior rectus depresses maximally in:
A. Adduction
B. Abduction
C. Neutral gaze
D. Intorsion
View Answer
B. Abduction ✅ Exp: IR depresses best in abduction.
6. Hering’s law of equal innervation states:
A. Yoke muscles receive equal innervation
B. Agonist-antagonist muscles balance each other
C. Same eye muscles act together
D. Only vertical muscles are paired
View Answer
A. Yoke muscles receive equal innervation ✅ Exp: Yoke muscles in both eyes receive equal input.
7. Sherrington’s law of reciprocal innervation means:
A. Contraction of agonist → relaxation of antagonist
B. Both muscles contract simultaneously
C. Only one muscle works at a time
D. Applies only to vertical gaze
View Answer
A. Contraction of agonist → relaxation of antagonist ✅ Exp: Agonist-antagonist relation in same eye.
8. Duction refers to:
A. Monocular eye movement
B. Binocular eye movement
C. Version movement
D. Vergence movement
View Answer
A. Monocular eye movement ✅ Exp: Movement of one eye in any direction.
9. Version refers to:
A. Conjugate binocular eye movement
B. Divergence
C. Monocular adduction
D. Cyclotorsion
View Answer
A. Conjugate binocular eye movement ✅ Exp: Both eyes move in same direction.
10. Vergence refers to:
A. Conjugate binocular movement
B. Disconjugate binocular movement
C. Monocular movement
D. Intorsion only
View Answer
B. Disconjugate binocular movement ✅ Exp: Eyes move in opposite directions (e.g., convergence, divergence).
11. Binocular single vision requires:
A. Equal acuity both eyes
B. Normal alignment of visual axes
C. Fusion mechanism
D. All of the above
View Answer
D. All of the above ✅ Exp: Normal acuity, alignment, and fusion are needed.
12. The three grades of binocular vision (Worth’s classification) are:
A. Simultaneous perception, fusion, stereopsis
B. Fusion, suppression, diplopia
C. Stereopsis, convergence, fusion
D. Suppression, stereopsis, amblyopia
View Answer
A. Simultaneous perception, fusion, stereopsis ✅ Exp: First → simultaneous perception → fusion → stereopsis.
13. Stereopsis refers to:
A. Depth perception
B. Fusion
C. Color vision
D. Accommodation
View Answer
A. Depth perception ✅ Exp: 3D vision from retinal disparity.
14. Normal stereopsis threshold is:
A. 1–2 arc sec
B. 15–60 arc sec
C. 100 arc sec
D. 1 arc min
View Answer
B. 15–60 arc sec ✅ Exp: Fine stereopsis = <60 arc sec.
15. Which test assesses stereopsis?
A. Snellen chart
B. Titmus fly test
C. Ishihara test
D. Worth’s test
View Answer
B. Titmus fly test ✅ Exp: Titmus fly measures depth perception.
16. The condition where both eyes see simultaneously but images are not fused:
A. Diplopia
B. Suppression
C. Fusion
D. Stereopsis
View Answer
A. Diplopia ✅ Exp: Double vision occurs if fusion fails.
17. Suppression is a mechanism to:
A. Improve fusion
B. Eliminate diplopia
C. Increase stereopsis
D. Compensate refractive error
View Answer
B. Eliminate diplopia ✅ Exp: Brain ignores image from deviating eye.
18. Anomalous retinal correspondence (ARC) occurs in:
A. Strabismus
B. Glaucoma
C. Macular degeneration
D. Optic neuritis
View Answer
A. Strabismus ✅ Exp: Fovea of one eye corresponds with extrafoveal area of other.
19. Panum’s fusional area allows:
A. Limited retinal disparity for fusion
B. Binocular suppression
C. Cyclodeviation
D. Diplopia always
View Answer
A. Limited retinal disparity for fusion ✅ Exp: Small disparity tolerated without diplopia.
20. Fusion reserve is assessed with:
A. Prism bar testing
B. Snellen chart
C. Ishihara plates
D. Maddox rod
View Answer
A. Prism bar testing ✅ Exp: Measures fusional vergence capacity.
21. Diplopia worse on looking left indicates palsy of:
A. Right lateral rectus
B. Left lateral rectus
C. Left medial rectus
D. Right medial rectus
View Answer
B. Left lateral rectus ✅ Exp: Diplopia worse in field of action of paralyzed muscle.
22. A patient with vertical diplopia improves by head tilt. Likely palsy is:
A. Superior oblique
B. Inferior rectus
C. Lateral rectus
D. Superior rectus
View Answer
A. Superior oblique ✅ Exp: SO palsy → head tilt compensation.
23. Bielschowsky head tilt test is used for:
A. Lateral rectus palsy
B. Superior oblique palsy
C. Medial rectus palsy
D. Inferior rectus palsy
View Answer
B. Superior oblique palsy ✅ Exp: Detects vertical/torsional imbalance.
24. Paralytic squint differs from concomitant squint in:
A. Diplopia
B. No ocular movement restriction
C. Same deviation in all gazes
D. No head tilt
View Answer
A. Diplopia ✅ Exp: Paralytic squint has diplopia + limited movement.
25. Maddox rod test detects:
A. Phoria
B. Color vision
C. Stereopsis
D. Accommodation
View Answer
A. Phoria ✅ Exp: Used to detect latent squint.
26. Worth’s four-dot test detects:
A. Suppression & fusion
B. Color vision
C. Field defect
D. Visual acuity
View Answer
A. Suppression & fusion ✅ Exp: Evaluates binocular function.
27. Synoptophore is used for:
A. Testing binocular vision
B. Testing accommodation
C. Visual acuity
D. Contrast sensitivity
View Answer
A. Testing binocular vision ✅ Exp: Evaluates simultaneous perception, fusion, stereopsis.
28. Cover-uncover test detects:
A. Tropia
B. Phoria
C. Diplopia
D. Fusion
View Answer
A. Tropia ✅ Exp: Reveals manifest squint.
29. Alternate cover test detects:
A. Phoria
B. Tropia
C. Amblyopia
D. Stereopsis
View Answer
A. Phoria ✅ Exp: Reveals latent squint.
30. Convergence insufficiency presents as:
A. Diplopia at near
B. Diplopia at distance
C. Loss of color vision
D. Night blindness
View Answer
A. Diplopia at near ✅ Exp: Inadequate convergence → near diplopia.
