Learn about the visual pathway mcq and common visual field defects such as bitemporal hemianopia caused by lesions at the optic chiasma. Understand how visual signals travel and how specific lesions affect vision. Perfect for ophthalmology and optometry exam preparation.
41. Choroid is supplied mainly by:
A. Central retinal artery
B. Short posterior ciliary arteries
C. Long posterior ciliary arteries
D. Angular artery
View Answer
B. Short posterior ciliary arteries ✅ Explanation: Choroid → short PCAs.
42. Vein draining retina:
A. Superior ophthalmic vein
B. Central retinal vein
C. Inferior ophthalmic vein
D. Angular vein
View Answer
B. Central retinal vein ✅ Explanation: Retina drains via central retinal vein.
43. Major venous channels of orbit include all EXCEPT:
A. Superior ophthalmic vein
B. Inferior ophthalmic vein
C. Cavernous sinus
D. Vertebral vein
View Answer
D. Vertebral vein ✅ Explanation: Vertebral vein does not drain orbit.
44. Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve is:
A. 1st division
B. 2nd division
C. 3rd division
D. Motor division
View Answer
A. 1st division ✅ Explanation: Ophthalmic = V1 of trigeminal.
45. Lacrimal nerve supplies:
A. Cornea
B. Lacrimal gland + lateral eyelid
C. Retina
D. Ciliary body
View Answer
B. Lacrimal gland + lateral eyelid ✅ Explanation: Lacrimal nerve → gland, conjunctiva, lateral eyelid.
46. Supraorbital nerve supplies:
A. Conjunctiva + central upper eyelid + scalp
B. Lacrimal gland
C. Lower lid
D. Iris
View Answer
A. Conjunctiva + central upper eyelid + scalp ✅ Explanation: Supraorbital = branch of frontal nerve.
47. Sensory root of ciliary ganglion comes from:
A. Lacrimal nerve
B. Long ciliary nerve (branch of nasociliary)
C. Supraorbital nerve
D. Infraorbital nerve
View Answer
B. Long ciliary nerve (branch of nasociliary) ✅ Explanation: Sensory root from nasociliary branch.
48. Parasympathetic fibres to sphincter pupillae come from:
A. Edinger–Westphal nucleus via oculomotor nerve
B. Trochlear nucleus
C. Abducens nucleus
D. Facial nerve
View Answer
A. Edinger–Westphal nucleus via oculomotor nerve ✅ Explanation: EW nucleus → ciliary ganglion → sphincter pupillae.
49. Sympathetic supply to dilator pupillae originates from:
A. Superior cervical ganglion
B. Inferior cervical ganglion
C. Pterygopalatine ganglion
D. Submandibular ganglion
View Answer
A. Superior cervical ganglion ✅ Explanation: Dilator pupillae = sympathetic from SCG.
50. Muller’s muscle of eyelid is supplied by:
A. Parasympathetic fibres
B. Sympathetic fibres
C. Facial nerve
D. Oculomotor nerve
View Answer
B. Sympathetic fibres ✅ Explanation: Sympathetic fibres → Muller’s muscle.
51. Medial lymphatics of eyelids drain into:
A. Preauricular nodes
B. Submandibular nodes
C. Parotid nodes
D. Deep cervical nodes
View Answer
B. Submandibular nodes ✅ Explanation: Medial drainage → submandibular nodes.
52. Lateral lymphatics of eyelids drain into:
A. Submandibular nodes
B. Preauricular (subauricular) nodes
C. Submental nodes
D. Jugular nodes
View Answer
B. Preauricular (subauricular) nodes ✅ Explanation: Lateral drainage → preauricular nodes.
53. Shallow anterior chamber predisposes to:
A. Cataract
B. Primary angle-closure glaucoma
C. Retinal detachment
D. Myopia
View Answer
B. Primary angle-closure glaucoma ✅ Explanation: Narrow chamber angle → glaucoma.
54. Deep anterior chamber is common in:
A. Hypermetropia
B. Myopia
C. Presbyopia
D. Emmetropia
View Answer
B. Myopia ✅ Explanation: Myopes have deeper chambers.
55. In newborns, anterior chamber is:
A. Normal depth
B. Shallow
C. Deep
D. Absent
View Answer
B. Shallow ✅ Explanation: At birth, anterior chamber is shallow.
56. In newborns, lens is:
A. Flattened
B. Spherical
C. Biconcave
D. Cylindrical
View Answer
B. Spherical ✅ Explanation: Lens spherical at birth, nucleus immature.
57. Retina at birth:
A. Fully differentiated
B. Except macula, rest is differentiated
C. Macula fully developed
D. No retinal layers
View Answer
B. Except macula, rest is differentiated ✅ Explanation: Macula develops 4–6 months postnatal.
58. Refractive status of newborn is:
A. Myopia
B. Hypermetropia (+2 to +3D)
C. Astigmatism
D. Emmetropia
View Answer
B. Hypermetropia (+2 to +3D) ✅ Explanation: Newborns usually hypermetropic.
59. At birth, lacrimal gland:
A. Fully developed
B. Underdeveloped, no tears
C. Hypertrophied
D. Absent
View Answer
B. Underdeveloped, no tears ✅ Explanation: Tears absent until gland matures.
60. Myelination of optic nerve at birth reaches up to:
A. Optic disc
B. Lamina cribrosa
C. Macula
D. Fovea
View Answer
B. Lamina cribrosa ✅ Explanation: Myelination extends up to lamina cribrosa only.
61. Shape of the eyeball is closest to:
A. Sphere
B. Oblate spheroid
C. Cylinder
D. Ellipsoid
View Answer
B. Oblate spheroid ✅
62. Which is the smallest diameter of the eyeball?
A. Anteroposterior
B. Horizontal
C. Vertical
D. Circumference
View Answer
C. Vertical ✅
63. The equator of the eye is located at:
A. Limbus
B. Mid-plane between poles
C. Optic disc
D. Fovea
View Answer
B. Mid-plane between poles ✅
64. Volume of eyeball in an adult is approximately:
A. 5 ml
B. 6.5 ml
C. 7.5 ml
D. 10 ml
View Answer
B. 6.5 ml ✅
65. Average weight of adult eyeball:
A. 5 g
B. 6 g
C. 7 g
D. 8 g
View Answer
C. 7 g ✅
66. Fibrous coat contributes to:
A. Vision
B. Protection
C. Aqueous humour production
D. Colour perception
View Answer
B. Protection ✅
67. Transparent part of fibrous coat:
A. Cornea
B. Sclera
C. Conjunctiva
D. Choroid
View Answer
A. Cornea ✅
68. Limbus is junction of:
A. Cornea & sclera
B. Cornea & iris
C. Iris & lens
D. Retina & sclera
View Answer
A. Cornea & sclera ✅
69. The vascular coat of the eye is also known as:
A. Uvea
B. Fibrous coat
C. Retina
D. Neural coat
View Answer
A. Uvea ✅
70. Retina belongs to:
A. Nervous coat
B. Fibrous coat
C. Vascular coat
D. Connective coat
View Answer
A. Nervous coat ✅
71. Posterior chamber is located between:
A. Cornea & lens
B. Iris & lens
C. Vitreous & retina
D. Sclera & choroid
View Answer
B. Iris & lens ✅
72. Volume of aqueous humour in anterior chamber:
A. 0.15 ml
B. 0.25 ml
C. 0.5 ml
D. 1 ml
View Answer
B. 0.25 ml ✅
73. Depth of anterior chamber is greatest in:
A. Hypermetropia
B. Myopia
C. Presbyopia
D. Astigmatism
View Answer
B. Myopia ✅
74. Posterior chamber volume is approximately:
A. 0.06 ml
B. 0.15 ml
C. 0.25 ml
D. 0.5 ml
View Answer
A. 0.06 ml ✅
75. Posterior segment includes all EXCEPT:
A. Retina
B. Vitreous
C. Lens
D. Choroid
View Answer
C. Lens ✅
76. Visual pathway consists of all EXCEPT:
A. Optic nerve
B. Optic chiasma
C. Optic tract
D. Trochlear nerve
View Answer
D. Trochlear nerve ✅
77. Final relay of vision occurs in:
A. Occipital cortex
B. Temporal cortex
C. Thalamus only
D. Midbrain
View Answer
A. Occipital cortex ✅
78. Partial decussation of fibres occurs at:
A. Optic chiasma
B. Optic nerve
C. LGN
D. Optic radiation
View Answer
A. Optic chiasma ✅
79. Temporal retinal fibres:
A. Cross at chiasma
B. Remain uncrossed
C. Supply contralateral field
D. End in superior colliculus
View Answer
B. Remain uncrossed ✅
80. Lesion at optic chiasma produces:
A. Homonymous hemianopia
B. Bitemporal hemianopia
C. Central scotoma
D. Quadrantanopia
View Answer
B. Bitemporal hemianopia ✅
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