Explore 40 important Ophthalmology MCQs on the Development of Eyeball Anatomy Mcq covering early eye development, optic vesicle, lens formation, retina embryology, cornea, sclera, vitreous, and eyelid development. Perfect for NEET PG, AIIMS, and Ophthalmic officers and Optometrist exam preparation. Practice and learn key concepts of eye embryology with detailed multiple choice questions. Visit Ophthalmology and Optometry mcq page to explore topic wise mcq.

Early Development

1. Eye develops from:
A. Surface ectoderm only
B. Neuroectoderm, surface ectoderm, mesoderm, neural crest
C. Endoderm and mesoderm only
D. Mesenchyme only

View Answer

B. Neuroectoderm, surface ectoderm, mesoderm, neural crest ✅ Exp: All four tissues contribute to eye development.

2. Eye development begins in:
A. 1st week
B. 3rd week of gestation
C. 6th week
D. 10th week

View Answer

B. 3rd week of gestation ✅ Exp: Optic vesicle appears around week 3.

3. Optic vesicles arise from:
A. Telencephalon
B. Diencephalon
C. Mesencephalon
D. Metencephalon

View Answer

B. Diencephalon ✅ Exp: Eye is an outgrowth of forebrain (diencephalon).

4. Invagination of optic vesicle forms:
A. Optic cup
B. Lens vesicle
C. Retina only
D. Optic stalk

View Answer

A. Optic cup ✅ Exp: Optic cup is double-walled structure.

5. Optic stalk later develops into:
A. Lens
B. Optic nerve
C. Retina
D. Cornea

View Answer

B. Optic nerve ✅ Exp: Optic stalk becomes optic nerve.

Lens Development

6. Lens develops from:
A. Neural crest
B. Surface ectoderm
C. Mesoderm
D. Neuroectoderm

View Answer

B. Surface ectoderm ✅ Exp: Lens placode → surface ectoderm derivative.

7. Lens placode forms in which week?
A. 2nd week
B. 4th week
C. 6th week
D. 8th week

View Answer

B. 4th week ✅ Exp: Lens placode forms ~4th week.

8. Lens vesicle separates from:
A. Optic vesicle
B. Surface ectoderm
C. Mesoderm
D. Retina

View Answer

B. Surface ectoderm ✅ Exp: Lens vesicle detaches from ectoderm.

9. Primary lens fibres elongate from:
A. Posterior cells of lens vesicle
B. Anterior cells
C. Lens capsule
D. Corneal epithelium

View Answer

A. Posterior cells of lens vesicle ✅ Exp: Posterior cells → primary fibres filling vesicle.

10. Secondary lens fibres derived from:
A. Posterior lens epithelium
B. Anterior lens epithelium at equator
C. Corneal epithelium
D. Iris epithelium

View Answer

B. Anterior lens epithelium at equator ✅

Retina Development

11. Retina develops from:
A. Surface ectoderm
B. Neuroectoderm of optic cup
C. Mesoderm
D. Neural crest

View Answer

B. Neuroectoderm of optic cup ✅ Exp: Both neural retina & RPE from optic cup.

12. Outer layer of optic cup forms:
A. Neural retina
B. Retinal pigment epithelium
C. Photoreceptor cells
D. Lens capsule

View Answer

B. Retinal pigment epithelium ✅ Exp: Outer thin layer → RPE.

13. Inner layer of optic cup forms:
A. Retinal pigment epithelium
B. Neural retina
C. Lens epithelium
D. Ciliary epithelium only

View Answer

B. Neural retina ✅ Exp: Inner layer thickens into neural retina.

14. Fovea centralis development completes by:
A. Birth
B. 4 years of age
C. 1 year
D. 6 months

View Answer

B. 4 years of age ✅ Exp: Fovea matures ~4 years postnatal.

15. Coloboma results from:
A. Persistence of lens stalk
B. Failure of closure of embryonic fissure
C. Persistence of hyaloid artery
D. Failure of optic cup invagination

View Answer

B. Failure of closure of embryonic fissure ✅ Exp: Defect in closure of embryonic fissure.

Cornea & Sclera Development

16. Corneal epithelium derives from:
A. Neuroectoderm
B. Surface ectoderm
C. Mesoderm
D. Neural crest

View Answer

B. Surface ectoderm ✅ Exp: Corneal epithelium = surface ectoderm.

17. Corneal stroma and endothelium arise from:
A. Neural crest cells
B. Surface ectoderm
C. Neuroectoderm
D. Mesoderm

View Answer

A. Neural crest cells ✅ Exp: Corneal stroma & endothelium from neural crest.

18. Sclera develops from:
A. Mesenchyme (neural crest + mesoderm)
B. Surface ectoderm
C. Neuroectoderm
D. Endoderm

View Answer

A. Mesenchyme (neural crest + mesoderm) ✅ Exp: Mesenchyme forms sclera.

19. Bowman’s membrane origin:
A. Surface ectoderm
B. Modified corneal stroma (mesenchymal)
C. Lens capsule
D. Neuroectoderm

View Answer

B. Modified corneal stroma (mesenchymal) ✅ Exp: Derived from mesenchymal stroma.

20. Descemet’s membrane derived from:
A. Corneal endothelium
B. Surface ectoderm
C. Lens epithelium
D. RPE

View Answer

20. Descemet’s membrane derived from: Exp: Endothelium secretes Descemet’s.

Aqueous Pathway Structures

21. Trabecular meshwork develops from:
A. Neural crest
B. Surface ectoderm
C. Mesoderm
D. Neuroectoderm

View Answer

A. Neural crest ✅ Exp: Neural crest forms trabecular tissue.

22. Canal of Schlemm derived from:
A. Mesoderm
B. Mesenchyme
C. Neuroectoderm
D. Surface ectoderm

View Answer

B. Mesenchyme ✅ Exp: Venous channel from mesenchyme.

23. Anterior chamber develops by:
A. Cavitation in mesenchyme
B. Invagination of optic vesicle
C. Fusion of lens and cornea
D. Migration of ectoderm

View Answer

A. Cavitation in mesenchyme ✅ Exp: Space forms in mesenchyme between cornea & lens.

24. Iris epithelium develops from:
A. Neuroectoderm
B. Neural crest
C. Surface ectoderm
D. Mesoderm

View Answer

A. Neuroectoderm ✅ Exp: Both pigmented & non-pigmented epithelium from optic cup.

25. Iris stroma arises from:
A. Neural crest
B. Neuroectoderm
C. Surface ectoderm
D. Endoderm

View Answer

A. Neural crest ✅ Exp: Neural crest gives iris stroma.

Vitreous & Hyaloid System

26. Primary vitreous is derived from:
A. Mesenchyme
B. Surface ectoderm
C. Neuroectoderm
D. Endoderm

View Answer

A. Mesenchyme ✅ Exp: Hyaloid vascular system within mesenchyme.

27. Secondary vitreous is secreted by:
A. Neuroectoderm of retina
B. Neural crest
C. Surface ectoderm
D. Mesoderm

View Answer

A. Neuroectoderm of retina ✅ Exp: Secondary vitreous secreted by retina.

28. Tertiary vitreous forms:
A. Lens capsule
B. Zonules of Zinn (suspensory ligaments)
C. Hyaloid artery
D. Retina

View Answer

B. Zonules of Zinn (suspensory ligaments) ✅ Exp: Tertiary vitreous → zonules.

29. Hyaloid artery normally regresses by:
A. Birth
B. 1 year
C. 6 months
D. 2 years

View Answer

A. Birth ✅ Exp: Regresses before birth.

30. Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) results from:
A. Persistence of hyaloid artery
B. Non-closure of embryonic fissure
C. Failure of lens vesicle separation
D. Abnormal corneal development

View Answer

A. Persistence of hyaloid artery ✅ Exp: Failure of hyaloid system regression.

Other Developmental Features

31. Eyelid develops from:
A. Surface ectoderm folds + mesenchyme core
B. Neural crest only
C. Neuroectoderm
D. Endoderm

View Answer

A. Surface ectoderm folds + mesenchyme core ✅ Exp: Ectodermal folds with mesenchymal core.

32. Eyelid fusion occurs at:
A. 2nd month
B. 4th month
C. Birth
D. 6th week

View Answer

A. 2nd month ✅ Exp: Lids fuse at 2 months, reopen at 6th month.

33. Eyelid reopening occurs in:
A. 4th month
B. 6th month of gestation
C. At birth
D. 1st month

View Answer

B. 6th month of gestation ✅ Exp: Lids reopen ~6th month.

34. Lacrimal gland develops from:
A. Surface ectoderm
B. Mesoderm
C. Neuroectoderm
D. Neural crest

View Answer

A. Surface ectoderm ✅ Exp: Lacrimal gland is ectodermal.

35. Extraocular muscles develop from:
A. Pre-otic mesoderm
B. Neural crest
C. Surface ectoderm
D. Neuroectoderm

View Answer

A. Pre-otic mesoderm ✅ Exp: Derived from mesoderm around optic cup.

36. Optic fissure normally closes by:
A. 5th week
B. 3rd week
C. 7th week
D. 9th week

View Answer

A. 5th week ✅ Exp: Closure ~5–6th week.

37. Failure of optic fissure closure →
A. Coloboma
B. PHPV
C. Aniridia
D. Anophthalmos

View Answer

A. Coloboma ✅ Exp: Inferior coloboma common defect.

38. Aniridia results from mutation of:
A. PAX6 gene
B. PITX2
C. SOX10
D. OTX2

View Answer

A. PAX6 gene ✅ Exp: PAX6 important in iris & ocular development.

39. Microphthalmos may result from:
A. Arrest of optic vesicle growth
B. Failure of fissure closure
C. Failure of corneal development
D. Persistent hyaloid artery

View Answer

A. Arrest of optic vesicle growth ✅ Exp: Small eye due to arrested growth.

40. Anophthalmos results from:
A. Complete failure of optic vesicle formation
B. Coloboma
C. PHPV
D. Aniridia

View Answer

A. Complete failure of optic vesicle formation ✅ Exp: Absence of eye when vesicle fails to form.